chapter 4: B

4Safety levels:
1) specimens not known to be potentially hazardous
2) all common agents of infections, including HIV&HBV
3) certain viruses and easily transmitted bacteria.
4) only certain viruses of arbovirus, arenavirus, or filovirus groups. None are common in the US

Micro role:
a) handle
b) test
c) identify

Enterobacteriaceae

-motile with the exception of Yersenia, Shigella, and Klebsiella
-ferment glucose (referred to as "fermenters")
-oxidase negative
-gram negative
*key terms* {obligate aerobes, aerotolerant anaerobes, obligate anaerobes,
facultative anaerobes, and capnophilic microaerophilic} *key terms*
-enterics (found mostly in the intestines)
-reduce nitrate to nitrite
-MAC and EMB plates
-GI specimens (stools) call for HE, XLD and GN broth
-large, shiny, moist, gray/grayish white. may or may not be hemolytic, translucent and
slightly convex, some mucoid
-utilize: carbohydrates, citrate, urease, indole.
-produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S), metabolize tryptophan (amino acid)
-IMVIC:
indole, methyl red, voges proskauer, citrate

Rambles of Sections and G-stain

-microbiology
-bacteriology
-mycology
-parasitology
-virology

prokaryotic-lack nuclear membrane and organelles, function takes place in cytoplasm.
g=:red
g+:blue

cocci-round
coccobacilli-oval
bacilli-rod
fusiform-pointed end

arrangement:
-single
-pairs (diplo)
-tetrads
-chains
-clusters
-pallisades

components:
outer membrane, cell wall (murein layer), periplasma, cytoplasma, pilus

cystosol, polysomes, inclusions, nucleoids

Ch. 6

maintain viability of organisms with none-minimum contamination.

Agars:
CHOC-
CNA-
MAC-
TSA-

Gram Stain:
1) crystal violet-1min
2) iodine-1min
3) Alcohol acetone-20sec
4) Safranin-30sec